3 changed files with 199 additions and 2 deletions
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# coding:utf-8 |
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# TODO: |
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# 0.Debug┑(￣Д ￣)┍ |
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# 1.物体有部分在相对相机X负半轴的情况(TkRender.run中) |
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# 2.object增加 棱 属性,渲染时作出棱就行了，相应改变render |
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# 3.搞懂成像原理,缩放后放大多少(Camera.scale) |
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# 4.实现perspective开关 |
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# 5.相机的旋转只做了Z的旋转(应该是成功了吧……)我现在的想法是记录旋转的顺时针弧度数 |
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# 然后计算另外两个轴的新坐标,一个轴一个轴地转.从旋转轴的正半轴朝原点看,另外两个轴的方向 |
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# 分别向右,向上,以向上轴为0°记录顺时针弧度数 |
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# 6.Tk canvas的Y轴向下为正方向,尝试转换 |
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from tkinter import Tk, Canvas |
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import math, threading, time |
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class Camera(object): |
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def __init__(self, position=[0, 0, 0], rotating=[0, 0, 0]): |
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self.position = position # coordinates in x,y and z |
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self.focus = 0.8 # 焦距 |
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self.scale = 200 |
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self.rotating = rotating # 用于确定相机朝向,x,y和z轴的顺时针旋转角度,参考blender设定 |
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def moveTo(self, pst): |
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self.position = pst |
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class Scen(object): |
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def __init__(self): |
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self.objects = [] |
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def addObjects(self, objs): |
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self.objects += objs |
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class TkRender(object): # including render and screen(a canvas) |
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def __init__(self, cam, scen, dgb=False): |
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self.cam: Camera = cam # camera |
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self.pits = [] # points in 2d e.g. [[[1,1],[2,2]],[[3,3],[4,4]]] => [object,object] object => [point,point] |
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self.perspective = True # 是否透视 |
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self.size = [800, 600] # screen size |
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self.offset = [self.size[0] / 2, self.size[1] / 2] # 让画面中心在窗口中心 |
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self.scen: Scen = scen |
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self.debug = dgb # debug mode |
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self.fps = 60 |
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self.st = 1 / self.fps # sleep time |
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self.runThread = threading.Thread(target=self.run) |
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self.tkroot = Tk() |
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self.cvs = [Canvas(self.tkroot, bg='white', width=800, height=600), # canvas |
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Canvas(self.tkroot, bg='white', width=800, height=600)] |
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self.cvs[0].pack() |
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self.showingCv = 0 |
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self.hiddenCv = 1 |
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self.running = False |
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def run(self): |
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angle = 0 |
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while self.running: |
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angle += apf |
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rotateCamera(self, angle) |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].delete('all') |
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for ob in self.scen.objects: |
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pit = [] # points in 2d |
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for tpt in ob.points: # tpt:3D point |
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rc = [] # relative coordinate相对坐标 |
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ra = 0 # relative angle点在旋转平面相对相机正方向顺时针旋转角度 |
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dis = 0 # 点到相机的距离 |
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for i in range(3): |
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rc.append(tpt[i] + ob.center[i] - self.cam.position[i]) |
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# 先只转动X轴,暂时想不出什么转相机的好方法(就是没想出来┑(￣Д ￣)┍) |
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# for ras, aas in [[0, [1, 2]], # rotating axis,anfected axises |
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# [1, [0, 2]], # 处理相机旋转,rc更新为相机旋转后轴的相对坐标 |
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# [2, [0, 1]]]: # 旋转一个轴,影响其他两个轴 |
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# dis = math.sqrt(rc[aas[0]] ** 2 + rc[aas[1]] ** 2) # 在旋转平面上点与相机间距离 |
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# ra = math.acos(rc[0] / dis) + self.cam.rotating[ras] |
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# if ras == 2: # Y轴与X或Z的旋转不同,画个图看看就知道了(大概) |
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# rc[0] = - dis * math.sin(ra) |
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# rc[2] = dis * math.cos(ra) |
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# else: |
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# rc[aas[0]] = dis * math.sin(ra) |
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# rc[aas[1]] = dis * math.cos(ra) |
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# # rc += [0,0,0] # 为了保证计算相对屏幕坐标时旋转前坐标不改变,新坐标用后三位,前三位在计算完成后去除 |
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# # for era in range(3): # each relative angle一个轴一个轴的转 |
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# # rc[] |
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dis = math.sqrt(rc[0] ** 2 + rc[1] ** 2) |
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if rc[0] > 0 and rc[1] > 0: # 第一象限 |
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ra = math.asin(rc[0] / dis) |
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elif rc[0] > 0 and rc[1] < 0: |
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ra = math.pi - math.asin(rc[0] / dis) |
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elif rc[1] < 0: |
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ra = math.asin(-rc[0] / dis) + math.pi |
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else: |
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ra = math.pi - math.asin(- rc[0] / dis) |
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rc[0] = dis * math.sin(ra - self.cam.rotating[2]) |
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rc[1] = dis * math.cos(ra - self.cam.rotating[2]) |
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# Z轴转完了 |
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rate = self.cam.focus / rc[1] # 根据焦距和点离相机垂直距离确定转2d的缩放比例 |
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pit.append([rc[0] * rate * self.cam.scale, - rc[2] * rate * self.cam.scale]) # *(-1):cvsY轴是倒置的 |
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for i in range(len(pit)): # 让画面中心在窗口中心 |
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pit[i] = [pit[i][0] + self.offset[0], pit[i][1] + self.offset[1]] |
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for dcp, nps in [[1, [0, 3, 5]], # drawing central point |
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[2, [0, 3, 6]], # 以1,2,4,7四个点为中心,分别连接相邻的三个点即可绘成正方体 |
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[4, [0, 5, 6]], |
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[7, [3, 5, 6]]]: |
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for np in nps: # nearby point |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].create_line(pit[dcp][0], pit[dcp][1], |
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pit[np][0], pit[np][1]) |
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if self.debug: |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].create_text(pit[dcp][0], pit[dcp][1], |
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text=str(dcp)) |
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# text=str(ob.center[0])) |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].create_text(pit[np][0], pit[np][1], |
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text=str(np)) |
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# text=str(ob.center[0])) |
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if self.debug: |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].create_text(self.cam.position[0] * 50 + 400, - self.cam.position[1] * 50 + 300, |
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text='C') |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].create_text(400, 300, text='O') |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].create_line(self.cam.position[0] * 50 + 400, -self.cam.position[1] * 50 + 300, |
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self.cam.position[0] * 50 + 400 + 20 * math.sin( |
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self.cam.rotating[2]), |
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-self.cam.position[1] * 50 + 300 - 20 * math.cos( |
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self.cam.rotating[2])) |
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# 切换canvas |
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self.cvs[self.showingCv].pack_forget() |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].pack() |
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self.showingCv, self.hiddenCv = self.hiddenCv, self.showingCv |
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self.cvs[self.hiddenCv].delete('all') |
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time.sleep(self.st) |
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def start(self): |
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self.running = True |
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self.runThread.start() |
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self.tkroot.mainloop() |
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class TDObject(object): # 3D object |
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def __init__(self, centerpoint=[0, 0, 0], points=None): |
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self.center = centerpoint # coordinates in three axises e.g. [0,0,0] |
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self.points = [] # 物体每个点对于center point的相对坐标 |
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self.setPoints(points) |
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def setPoints(self, points): # points e.g. [[1,1,1],[2,2,2]] |
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self.points += points |
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# 主体结束,下面开始测试 |
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def rotateCamera(rd: TkRender, angle): |
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angle += apf |
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if angle > 2 * math.pi: |
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angle -= 2 * math.pi |
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rd.cam.rotating[2] = -angle |
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rd.cam.position[0] = 6 * math.sin(angle) |
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rd.cam.position[1] = -6 * math.cos(angle) |
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if __name__ == '__main__': |
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ca = Camera(position=[0, 0, 0]) |
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sc = Scen() |
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rd = TkRender(ca, sc, True) |
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# c1 = TDObject([0, 0, 0], |
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# [[-1, 1, -1], [1, 1, -1], [-1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [-1, -1, 1], [1, -1, 1]]) |
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# sc.addObjects([c1]) # cube1,cube2 |
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c1 = TDObject([2, 2, 2], |
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[[-1, 1, -1], [1, 1, -1], [-1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [-1, -1, 1], [1, -1, 1]]) |
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c2 = TDObject([-2, -2, 0], |
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[[-1, 1, -1], [1, 1, -1], [-1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1], [-1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [-1, -1, 1], [1, -1, 1]]) |
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sc.addObjects([c1, c2]) # cube1,cube2 |
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apf = math.pi / 60 |
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rd.start() |
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